Midazolam is a water-soluble benzodiazepine derivative that acts as a short-term central nervous system depressant. The degree of depression of the central nervous system is heavily dependent upon the dosage and route of administration. Because of the dangerous nature of this powerful drug, it is given only by, or under the immediate supervision, of a trained physician, usually before or during surgery. Side effects include blurred vision, dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, numbness, tingling, and muscle stiffness.